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@#Amblyopia is the leading cause of visual impairment in children. It is also one of the main causes of monocular vision loss in adults. It is effectively treated using correct treatment when initiated during the sensitive period of visual development. Historically, patching or other means of penalization following refractive correction has been the main treatment for amblyopia. With the advancing of exploration on the neural mechanism of amblyopia, binocular treatment has been proposed as an innovative method for the treatment of amblyopia. Different forms of binocular treatment were reported by researchers. This review will focus on the application and progress of binocular treatment in amblyopia.
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Objective To study the effects of five different kinds of Chinese medicine materials on dissolution of pills; To evaluate their in vitro - in vivo correlation.Methods Five different types of traditional Chinese medicine materials, such as starch, fiber, protein, grease and polysaccharide materials, were selected by uniform design to the proposed 8 model formulation and preparation of pills, and the cumulative release rate and in vivo plasma concentration of berberine hydrochloride were determined by HPLC. The effects of Chinese medicine materials on the drug release behavior of pills in vitro - in vivo were investigated. And the in vitro - in vivo correlation of the pills was evaluated.Results Starch and fiber materials could promote the release of the pills, and protein and grease materials has a blocking effect on the pills dissolution. Polysaccharide materials have no significant effect on the dissolution of the pills. Pills in vitro - in vivo correlation was significant.Conclusion Chinese medicine materials have the characteristics of medicine-assisted unity, which can control the dissolution and bioavailability of pills by adjusting the proportion of powder in the prescription. And the pills have good correlation in vitro - in vivo.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the long term effects of adjuvant radiotherapy for postoperative breast cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From 1985 to 1986, 162 patients with operable breast cancer were randomly given adjuvant radiotherapy according to clinical stage and involving condition of axillary lymph nodes (LN). The radiotherapy group (RG) was irradiated in the supraclavicular area and/or internal mammary area to 50 Gy, while the control group (CG) was not.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall 5-, 10- and 15-year survival rates of the RG were 72.0%, 56.1% and 54.3%, while they were 66.3%, 51.3% and 49.4% in the CG (P > 0.05). Clinical stage I-IIIa and positive or negative LN showed no significant difference in the two groups. But in patients with LN(+) > or = 4, the 5-, 10- and 15-year survival rates of the RG were 55.6%, 38.9% and 37.1%, which were higher than the CG of 29.0%, 16.1% and 16.1% (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Adjuvant radiotherapy can improve the prognosis for breast cancer patients with LN(+) > or = 4, but not for LN(-).</p>